Natural ventilation is the ventilation of a building with outside air without using fans or other mechanical systems. It can be via operable windows, louvers, natural opening in the building by virtue of its design. In more complex schemes, warm air is allowed to rise and flow out high building openings to the outside (stack effect), causing cool outside air to be drawn into low building openings. Natural ventilation schemes can use very little energy, but care must be taken to ensure comfort. In warm or humid climates, maintaining thermal comfort solely via natural ventilation might not be possible. Air conditioning systems are used, either as backups or supplements. Air-side economizers also use outside air to condition spaces, but do so using fans, ducts, dampers, and control systems to introduce and distribute cool outdoor air when appropriate.

Mechanical, or forced, ventilation is provided by various combination of fans and blowers that are used to control indoor air quality. The Fresh air is introduced in the building or the Stale air will be exhausted with the help of the required duct work and grilles.

Car parking lots, Lift wells, Staircase, Kitchens and bathrooms typically have mechanical exhausts to control odors and sometimes humidity. Factors in the design of such systems include the, number of air changes, flow rate (which is a function of the fan speed and exhaust vent size) and noise level.

Car park ventilation system is designed to exhaust pollutants produced by vehicles and, in the event of fire, clear smoke to assist the fire service. There are a variety of ventilation systems that can be designed and applied to a parking lot, such as:

With our experience of working on many projects of shopping malls and commercial buildings for various applications, our experts can design and install the ventilation system as per your project requirements.

Industries have a peculiar requirement for exhaust of dust and fumes which becomes an unwanted evil by product. Every industry has ventilation requirements as per their industry norms. Ventilation systems form a vital part in protecting workers from the harmful effects of dusts, fumes and gases emitted by processes in the workplace.

Local exhaust ventilation (LEV) system is an important way of controlling exposure to hazardous substances and generally come in two distinct categories; dust collection and fume extractions systems. This will involve selecting the ventilation fans and mechanism based on the specific industry requirement.

Mechanical Ventilation system for staircase & lift lobby aid in the safe escape of occupants’ and allow adequate access for firefighters.

This type of smoke extraction system comprises of a mechanical extract shaft that serves the common corridor and/ or lobby. When smoke it detected within a protected lobby, only the fire damper to the smoke shaft on the fire floor will open (all other dampers will remain locked shut). In turn, the vent at the head of the staircase will open allowing the smoke to be removed and make up air for the smoke extraction system. The fan at the top of the mechanical smoke shaft extracts the smoke and prevents migration of smoke into the adjacent compartments.

While designing and executing a Kitchen Ventilation system, we need to understand that the kitchen ventilation involves:

• Exhausting the hot air out of the kitchen
• Adding the Makeup air at a lower temperature

We all know “Hot air rises!”. An exhaust fan in the ceiling could remove much of the heat produced by cooking processes. But the mix of smoke, volatile organic compounds, grease particles and vapor from cooking, in the hot air of the kitchen, makes it imperative to capture and contain the effluent.

This helps to reduce the health and fire hazards thus making kitchens a clean space for cooking.

Thus, selecting a good Exhaust hood suitable to perform at an appropriate rate of exhaust is very important.

Based on our experience of working on all types of kitchen exhaust, we can say the correct selection of kitchen hood depends on several factors such as:

• The use of the kitchen – type and menu of food products
• Type and size of the cooking equipment planned to be placed under the hood.
• The style and geometry of the hood itself,
• Design on how the makeup air is planed to be introduced into the kitchen.

The layout of the Treated Fresh Air (TFA) and Makeup air (MUA) supply air outlets or diffusers can affect hood performance. These can be sources that disrupt thermal plumes. Safety factors are typically applied to the design exhaust rate to compensate for the effect that undesired air movement within the kitchen has on hood performance.

Air that is removed from the kitchen through an exhaust hood must be replaced with an equal volume of Fresh (makeup) air through one or more of the following pathways:

1. Introducing the conditioned Fresh Air through Ducts and Ceiling diffusers with perforated face so that a positive pressure in maintained all around the hood area.

2. Integrated supply of the conditioned Fresh air into the hood plenum in one of the following ways or combining the same:
• Short circuit (internal supply)
• Air curtain supply
• Front face supply
• Perforated perimeter supply
• Backwall supply (rear discharge)

You can rely upon the experience and expertise of Careco in designing and installing the ventilation system for a typical kitchen – be it for a hotel, restaurant or a house.

Bathrooms in hotels or in houses or the public toilets have one problem in common – Odor. Every house owner dreads to have clean and hygienic bathrooms. A proper ventilation of bathrooms & toilets is essential for the following reasons:

• Removing the odor from the bathroom.
• Removal of humidity and moisture from the air of the bathroom.
• Reducing the reasons of airborne contaminants.

While designing a ventilation system for a bathroom, as the inside air is exhausted out, some amount of fresh air also needs to be added in the space maintain a perfect balance of air circulation.